Mengenal Daun Katuk sebagai Feed Additive pada Broiler

Oleh: Urip Santoso

Dewasa ini paket teknologi pembuatan produk hewani yang murah dan bermutu tinggi sangat mendesak. Ada beberapa hal yang menjadi dasar alasan. Pertama, untuk meningkatkan tingkat gizi masyarakat Indonesia, maka produksi protein hewani harus lebih ditingkatkan mengingat target kebutuhan protein hewani asal ternak belum terpenuhi. Kedua, tingkat pendapatan masyarakat Indonesia rata-rata masih belum memenuhi standard hidup jika tingkat kebutuhan gizi dijadikan standard kebutuhan hidup untuk pangan. Oleh karena itu penurunan harga produk ternak menjadi sangat penting. Namun penurunan harga produk ternak ini  diharapkan tidak menurunkan tingkat keuntungan peternak. Untuk itu, peningkatan efisiensi usaha menjadi hal yang sangat urgen.

MANFAAT DAUN KATUK BAGI KESEHATAN MANUSIA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TERNAK

Oleh: Prof. Urip santoso

            Setelah manusia mengarungi samudra dunia modern dengan segala kemudahan sebagai hasil perkembangan teknologi, manusia mulai menyadari bahwa segala sesuatu yang tidak seimbang, tidak fitrah atau tidak alami dapat membawa akibat kurang baik bagi kesehatannya. Perubahan pola makan manusia modern ternyata mengakibatkan berbagai penyakit yang dahulunya kurang dominan sebagai penyebab kematian, sekarang menduduki peringkat atas. Semakin hari semakin banyak manusia yang terkena kanker, stroke, penyakit penyempitan pembuluh darah, penyakit jantung, kencing manis, dan berbagai penyakit degeneratif lainnya, sebagai akibat salah makan atau makan yang berlebihan.

            Hal ini kemudian memicu masyarakat untuk kembali ke alam. Diyakini bahwa sesuatu yang alami baik pada pola pangan, ataupun penggunaan bahan alami sebagai obat akan membawa efek negatif yang lebih sedikit. Dengan demikian, umur fisiologis dari sel dapat diperpanjang. Di Eropa dan Amerika Serikat misalnya, penggunaan tumbuhan obat sebagai alternatif obat kimia telah  banyak di teliti dan diproduksi. Tumbuhan obat juga telah banyak diteliti untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan produktivitas ternak.

Mengenal Daun Katuk dan Manfaatnya

Berikut ini materi dialog di BTV (Bengkulu TV) yang sutingnya telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 13 Agustus 2009.

A. Komposisi Kimia Daun Katuk

Oleh: Urip Santoso

A.1. Komposisi gizi

Tabel 1. Komposisi Kimia Daun Katuk per 100 gram

No	Komponen gizi	Kadar
1	Energi (kkal)	59
2	Protein (g)	4,8-6,4
3	Lemak (g)	1,0
4	Karbohidrat (g)	9,9-11,0
5	Serat (g)	1,5
6	Abu (g)	1,7
7	Kalsium (mg)	204
8	Fosfor (mg)	83
9	Besi (mg)	2,7-3,5
10	Vitamin A (SI)	10.370
11	Vitamin C (mg)	164-239
12	Vitamin B1 (mg)	0,1
13	Vitamin B6 (mg)	0,1
14	Vitamin D (µg)	3.111
15	Karotin (mcg)	10.020
16	Air (g)	81

Sauropus androgynus

Katuk (Sauropus adrogunus) mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi manusia dan ternak. Adapun manfaat yang paling populer  adalah sebagai stimulan ASI. Melalui serangkaian penelitian, Prof. Urip Santoso menemukan bahwa katuk mampu menurunkan deposisi lemak pada ayam broiler dan petelur. Ia juga menemukan bahwa katuk mampu meningkatkan produksi daging dan telur serta meningkatkan vitamin A, karoten serta mengubah komposisi asam lemak dan asam amino dalam daging dan telur. Berikut ini beberapa literatur tentang katuk. Jika anda ingin membaca hasil penelitian katuk oleh Prof. Urip Santoso, dapat membacanya di blog ini category katuk.

The usefullness of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract as feed supplement to produce meat designer

Urip Santoso, Yosi Fenita and Wiranda G. Piliang

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University, Indonesia

 

Summary

            The present study was conducted  to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgunus leaf extract on performance, meat quality and fat accumulation in broilers. The experiment used broiler chickens strain Arbor Acres (Platinum). Experimental diets contained 20% protein and 3.200 kcal/kg and started at 21 days of age. !105 broiler chickens were distributed to seven treatment gropus as follows: 1) control, broilers were fed diet without Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE); 2) broilers were fed diet plus 4.5 g SAE extracted by hot water/kg diet; 3) broilers were fed diet plus 9 g SAE extracted by hot water/kg diet;

Pengkayaan zigi dalam telur oleh ekstrak daun katuk

phb-2007

Reduction of fat accumulation in broiler chickens by Sauropus androgynus (katuk) leaf meal supplementation

U. Santoso and Sartini
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of Sauropus androgynus leaf (SAL) meal on reducing fat accumulation in broiler chickens. Eighty unsexed broiler chickens were allocated to four treatment groups with five replicates of four chickens each. SAL meal supplementation had no effect on body, leg, back, breast, wing, liver and heart weights, carcass protein, moisture and ash cotnets (P>0.05). Broiler fed diets supplemented with 30 g of SAL meal had lower feed intake with better feed conversion ratio (P<0.05) than did the control chickens. SAL supplementation at all levels significantly reduced fat accumulation in abdomen region, and liver (P<0.01), and in carcass (P<0.05). Higher SAL supplementation resulted in lower fat accumulation in the carcass (r2= 0.94; P<0.01), abdomen (r2=0.99; P<0.01) and liver (r2=0.98; P<0.01). The current study showed that a 30 g supplementation of SAL meal to the broiler diet (30 g SAL meal/kg diet) was effective to improve feed conversion ratio without reducing body weight. SAL meal supplementation to the diet reduced fat accumulation in broiler chickens (Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 2001, 14 (3): 346-350)

Key words: Sauropus androgynus leaf meal, caracass fat, abdominal fat, broiler

Effect of feeding methods of katuk (Sauropus androgynus) extract on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens.

U. Santoso, T. Suteky, Heryanto and Sunarti
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

ABSTRACT
The present experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of feeding methods of katuk extract on performance and carcass quality of broilers. Sixty 20-d-old male broilers were distributed to 5 treatment groups of 4 replicates with 3 birds each. One treatment group was fed basal diet without katuk extract (P0), whereas other treatment groups were fed basal diet plus 18 g katuk extract/kg diet (P1), basal diet plus 9 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P2), basal diet plus 9 g katuk extract/kg diet plus 4.5 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P3), and basal diet plus 4.5 katuk extract/kg diet plus 2.25 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P4). Experimental results showed that weight gain of P1 and P4 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of P0 and P2. Feed conversion ratio of P1 and P4 were significantly lower than those of P0 and P2 (P0.05), but the weight of intestine was significantly affected (P<0.05). Abdominal fat of P4 was significantly lower than that of P0, P1 and P2 (P<0.05). Cascass color of P4 was significantly better than that of P0, P1, P2 and P3 (P0.05). P4 had better meat color than P0, P1 and P2 (P0.05). In conclusion, in order to improve performance and carcass quality, broiler chickens could be given katuk extract through diet plus drinking water at level of 4.5 g/kg diet plus 2.25 g/l drinking water (Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 7 (3): 144-149.

Key words: Katuk extract, performance, carcass quality, abdominal fat.

Effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on egg quality and internal organ weight in layers

U. Santoso
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

ABSTRACT
The present research was conducted to evaluate the effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on egg quality and internal organ weight. Forty-eight layer aged 40 weeks (strain RIR) were distributed to 6 treatment groups as follows. One group was fed diet without Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) (P0), and five groups were fed diet plus SAE-hot water at level of 9 g/kg (P1), diet plus SAE-ethanol at level of 0.9 g/kg (P2), diet plus SAE-ethanol at level of 1.8 g/kg (P3), diet plus SAE-methanol at level of 0.9 g/kg (P4), and diet plus SAE-methanol at level of 1.8 g/kg (P5). Experimental results showed that SAE supplementation had no effect on eggshell tickness, yolk index, yolk colour index, albumen weight, smell and taste of eggs, number of Salmonella sp., toxicity percentage, internal organ weights (P<0.05), but they had effect on (P<0,05) number of Staphylococcus sp., egg weight, HU, yolk weight, eggshell weight and length of intestine. In conclusion, SAE supplementation was not effective to improve egg quality and had no toxicity. SAE-ethanol supplementation at level of 0.9 or 1.8 g/kg, and SAE-methanol at level of 0.9 g/kg was effective to reduce the number of Staphylococcus sp. To improve egg quality by SAE, the future research should be designed to use the level of SAE higher than the level applied in this experiment (Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 2 (1):…).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, egg quality, internal organ

Effects of Sauropus androgynus (Katuk) leaf extract on growth, fat accumulation and fecal microorganisms in broiler chickens

U. Santoso, E. Handayani and Suharyanto
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effects of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract on growth, carcass quality and the number of fecal microorganisms in broiler chickens. Forty-eight male Arbor Acres broiler chickens (21-d-old) obtained from a commercial hatchery were used in the present study. Experiment consisted of four treatment groups with four pen replicates of three broilers allocated randomly to each dietary treatment from day 21-42 old. One group was the control with no additional Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE) (P0), and other three groups were given drinking water supplemented with 1.5 g (P1), 3.0 g (P2) or 4.5 g SAE/l water (P3). The diet used was a commercial mix (crude protein: 19% and Metabolizable Energy 3.200 kcal/kg). Feed intake significantly reduced in P2 or P3 as compared with the control (P<0.05). A decrease in feed conversion ratio was observed in treatment groups as compared with the control (P<0.05). Abdominal fat, neck fat and liver fat content were significantly reduced by SAE (P<).05), while carcass fat content was not significantly different. Number of fecal Escherichia coli in P1 or P3 (P<0.01) and fecal Streptococcus sp. and Salmonella sp. were significantly (P<0.01) reduced by SAE supplementation as compared with the control, while fecal Bacillus subtilis in P2 and Lactobacillus sp. in P1 (P<0.01) were significantly higher as compared with other groups. SAE (P2 or P3) also significantly improved meat taste, shank color but lowered meat color (P<0.05) as compared with the control group. It was found that the number of fecal Streptococcus sp. was suitable to predict abdominal fat. In conclusion, the inclusion of SAE at 4.5 g/l drinking water resulted in the best performance and carcass quality (Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 6 (4): 220-226.

Key words: Sauropus androgynus leaf extract, fat accumulation, broilers.